What Is TMS?
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) therapy is a non-invasive procedure used primarily to treat major depressive disorder and other mental health conditions. It involves the use of magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain to improve symptoms of depression.
How TMS Therapy Works
TMS therapy works by delivering magnetic pulses to specific areas of the brain that are known to be involved in mood regulation. During a TMS session, an electromagnetic coil is placed against the scalp near the forehead. The coil generates brief magnetic pulses that pass through the skull and stimulate nerve cells in the targeted brain region. These pulses are thought to activate regions of the brain that are under-active in depression and help to relieve symptoms over time.
Indications for TMS Therapy
TMS therapy is primarily indicated for individuals who have not responded well to anti-depressant medications, or who cannot tolerate the side effects of these medications. It is typically recommended for adults who have been diagnosed with:
- Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
- Bipolar Disorder
- Anxiety Disorders (under certain conditions)
Depression Symptoms
- Depressed mood that persists or is present nearly every day
- Loss of interest/pleasure in activities most days
- Significant weight loss (without dieting) or gain of at least five percent of total weight in one month.
- Excessive sleepiness or insomnia.
- Feeling restless or slow nearly every day, observable by others.
- Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day.
- Feelings of worthlessness or excessive and inappropriate guilt nearly every day.
- Decreased concentration paired with indecisiveness, observable by others.
- Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.
Treatment Process
- Initial Consultation: Patients undergo an evaluation to determine if TMS therapy is appropriate for their condition.
- Treatment Sessions: Sessions typically occur daily over several weeks, with each session lasting approximately 20-40 minutes.
- Maintenance Sessions: After the initial treatment course, some patients may benefit from occasional maintenance sessions to sustain the therapeutic effects.
Effectiveness
Research studies have demonstrated that TMS therapy can significantly reduce symptoms of depression in individuals who have not responded adequately to antidepressant medications. The therapy is FDA-approved for treatment-resistant depression and continues to be studied for its effectiveness in other psychiatric disorders.
Considerations
While generally safe, TMS therapy may not be suitable for everyone. Individuals with metal implants in or near the head, or those with certain medical conditions, may not be candidates for TMS. It's essential to discuss potential risks and benefits with a qualified healthcare provider before starting treatment.
